Posts Tagged ‘Warburton’s War’
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Imħabba sa wara l-mewt
Hekk kif illum qegħdin niċċelebraw Jum l-Erwieħ kollha, deherli li għandi nippreżentalkhom ġrajja li xi ftit jew wisq, għandha x’taqsam ma’ dan il-perjodu. Madanakollu, aktar milli nikteb dwar in-niket li ġġib magħha l-mewt, permezz ta’ dan l-artiklu nixtieq nuri illi t-tmiem ta’ persuna jseħħ biss jekk din tintesa. Sakemm tibqa’ l-memorja ta’ dak li jkun almenu f’moħħ individwu wieħed, dawk li ħallewna jibqgħu ħajjin fostna daqslikieku qatt ma telqu.
L-iskoperta ta’ din il-ġrajja seħħet bla ħsieb meta jiena mort inżur il-Mużew Nazzjonali tal-Gwerra fil-Belt Valletta. L-għan tiegħi kien li niltaqa’ mal-Kuratur Charles Debono sabiex fi ħdan iċ-ċentinarju mill-Ewwel Gwerra Dinjija li qegħdin infakkru din is-sena, nifhem aħjar x’kien li qanqal dan it-taqbid qalil.
Il-Kuratur Debono kien infurmat sewwa dwar din l-era mdemmija u meta rani interessata biex inkun naf aktar, huwa baqa’ jdawwarni mal-mużew sabiex niddiskutu wkoll it-Tieni Gwerra Dinjija. Ma kienx hemm oġġett li ma kellimnix dwaru u b’hekk wara li lestejna, kelli materjal kemm irrid fuq xhiex naħdem.
Iżda ġara, li fost il-memorji u l-istejjer kollha li smajt, kien hemm ġrajja ta’ mħabba li seħħet bejn il-leġġendarju Wing Commander Adrian Warburton u l-maħbuba tiegħu Christina Ratcliffe, li ma stajt inneħħija b’xejn minn moħħi. Personalment, qatt ma kont smajt b’din il-koppja u għalhekk tħajjart insir naf aktar dwarha.
L-esebiti fil-Mużew Nazzjonali tal-Gwerra
In-narrattiva ta’ din il-ġrajja tnisslet permezz ta’ ħames esebiti li jinsabu fil-mużew. Dawn huma: Midalja tal-Imperu Brittanniku, beritta tal-RAF, ġakketta ta’ uniformi militari, tazza tal-metall li ntrebħet waqt attività sportiva u parti minn ajruplan tat-tip P38 Lightning aircraft.
It-tifsira ta’ dawn l-oġġetti se tifhmuha waqt li taqraw dan l-artiklu.
Żmien li nissel l-eroj
Hekk kif bdejt ir-riċerka tiegħi dwar Warburton u Ratcliffe, sibt li kien hemm diversi kotba miktuba dwarhom. U permezz t’hekk, bil-pass il-pass, irnexxieli nsegwi xi ftit mill-ħajja tagħhom sabiex nieħu idea dwar min kienu dawn iż-żewġ persuni u anki minn xhiex għaddew.
Ftit ftit, ħassejtni donni miexja lura lejn is-snin erbgħin; żmien meta kemm il-pajjiż tagħna u kif ukoll niesna għaddew minn l-eħrex tbatijiet u ġew mgħasra sat-tarf tal-limiti tagħhom, sakemm finalment, minn fosthom ħarġu l-eroj.
Adrian Warburton
Adrian Warburton twieled f’Middlesborough, l-Ingilterra fl-10 ta’ Marzu 1918. Imma missieru Godfrey, li kien kmandat żagħżugħ tas-sottomarini u li kien diġà rċieva l-unur prestiġġjuż għas-servizz distint tiegħu (Distinguished Service Order), iddeċieda li jgħammdu ġewwa sottomarin li kien qiegħed sorġut hawn Malta.
Jidher li bosta mill-membri tal-familja Warburton kienu magħrufa għall-atteġġjament eċċentriku tagħhom, speċjalment f’mumenti li jikkonċernaw il-gwerra. U kif kiteb l-awtur Tony Spooner, fil-ktieb tiegħu ‘Warburton’s War’, l-unuri tad-DSO kienu xi ħaġa komuni f’din il-familja.
Infatti, akkost li Adrian Warburton ma għex ħajja twila, anki hu rċieva dan l-unur darbtejn. Fosthom, wieħed minn dawn l-unuri ngħatalu minħabba l-kuraġġ li wera waqt missjoni partikolari li suppost kellha tinvolvi t-teħid ta’ ritratti mill-ajru tal-vapuri tal-għadu. Iżda ġara li waqt din it-titjira, il-kameras ma ħadmux u meta ra hekk, Warburton niżel tant fil-baxx bl-ajruplan tiegħu minn bejn il-vapuri tal-gwerra Taljani li kienu jinsabu f’Taranto, li dawk li kienu miegħu, setgħu jaqraw isimhom u jieħdu nota tagħhom. Din l-informazzjoni wasslet biex l-armata Ingliża setgħet twettaq attakk effettiv fuq l-għadu aktar tard f’dak il-lejl.
Warburton jgħaddi bi żbrixx bħala pilota
It-tajba hija illi waqt it-taħriġ tiegħu biex isir pilota, Warburton ma tantx kien impressjona wisq lil dawk ta’ fuqu u għalkemm għadda mit-testijiet involuti, huwa ġab l-inqas grad possibbli. Probabbli, apparti mill-fatt li hu spiss kien jazzarda żżejjed, jista’ jkun li din kienet ir-raġuni vera l-għala huwa kraxxja kemm il-darba waqt il-missjonijiet tiegħu, għalkemm b’xi mod jew ieħor, dejjem reġa’ lura. Forsi dan kien ukoll il-mottiv il-għala meta hu baqa’ ma rritornax wara l-aħħar titjira tiegħu fl-1944, ħadd ma ried jemmen li hu kien miet….
Warburton trasferit lejn Malta
Kien fis-6 ta’ Settembru 1940 meta Warburton niżel fl-ajruport ta’ Ħal-Luqa wara li ġie trasferit biex jaħdem f’Malta. Huwa ma damx ma beda jiġbed l-attenzjoni fuqu minħabba li kien juri li ma jibża’ minn xejn. Ngħidu aħna, darba minnhom waqt li kien kienet fuq titjira b’missjoni li jinġibdu ritratti ta’ tkixxif fuq l-għadu, hu u żewġ suldati oħra li kienu miegħu, irnexxielhom jisparaw u jwaqqgħu ajruplan Taljan tat-tip Z.506B.
Kif bdiet il-ġrajja ta’ mħabba
Il-ġrajja ta’ mħabba bejnu u bejn Christina Ratcliffe bdiet meta hi sabet ruħha maqbuda hawn Malta, peress li fl-10 ta’ Ġunju 1940, l-Italja ddikkjarat gwerra lill-Ingilterra u lil Franza. Oriġinarjament, Christina kienet ġiet Malta flimkien ma’ grupp taż-żfin sabiex jagħmlu spettaklu tal-kabaret. Però meta mbagħad sabu ruħhom f’pajjiżna bla mpjieg, dawn l-artisti qabdu u ffurmaw grupp għal rashom bl-isem ta’ Whizz Bangs u bdew joffru spettaklu għat-truppi.
Christina ma damitx ma għamlet il-ħbieb hawn Malta. Fost dawn, kien hemm il-pilota Franċiż Jacques Mehouas li waqt il-laqgħat tagħhom, kellu ħabta jsemmilha lil Warburton fejn kien jiddeskrivih bħala pilota Ingliż formidabbli u ta’ kuraġġ kbir. Ironikament, kienet il-mewt ta’ dan il-Franċiż li ressqet lill-koppja Warburton u Ratcliffe flimkien, hekk kif Adrian, li kien ukoll ħabib ta’ Mehouas, mar jagħti l-kondoljanzi lil Christina.
F’kitbiet tagħha, Christina tistqarr li sa minn din l-ewwel laqgħa tagħhom, hi kienet diġà ntilfet wara Adrian. Fosthom tgħid illi b’dak ix-xagħar bjond, lewn id-deheb, u b’dawk l-għajnejn koħol sbieħ, stħajjlitu xi alla Grieg.
Koppja simbolu ħaj tal-ispirtu tal-gżejjer Maltin
Fl-1939 Warburton kien iżżewweġ lil Eileen Mitchell wara biss ftit żmien li kien ilu jafha. Imma jingħad li hu kien telaqha minnufih wara li skopra li din kienet ħbietlu li kienet iddivorzjata u li kellha wild.
Min-naħa l-oħra, fi Christina huwa sab is-sieħba perfetta għalih u huma ma damux ma saru waħda mill-aktar koppji popolari ta’ dak iż-żmien. Bħal Adrian, Christina kienet sabiħa, kariżmatika u avventuruża. U kif iddeskriviehom tajjeb Spooner fil-ktieb tiegħu: bil-personalitajiet, bil-kuraġġ u bid-determinazzjoni tagħhom, huma saru simbolu ħaj tal-ispirtu tal-gżejjer Maltin, li ma seta’ jiġi qatt mirbuħ.
Fil-fatt, minbarra li għall-ewwel Christina baqgħet taħdem bħala żeffiena, wara xi żmien hija vvolontarjat ukoll bħala telefonista mal-RAF. Imbagħad bdiet tagħmel ix-xogħol ta’ plotter fil-Kwartieri tal-Gwerra l-Belt, sakemm eventwalment, hija saret l-assistenta tal-Kontrullur u b’hekk kellha tabbanduna l-grupp Whizz Bangs.
It-tmiem ta’ din il-ġrajja ta’ mħabba
Sfortunatament, din il-ġrajja ta’ mħabba ntemmet ħesrem meta fit-12 t’April 1944, Warburton intbagħat fuq missjoni ta’ tkixxif sabiex jieħu r-ritratti minn fuq il-Ġermanja. Imma wara dakinhar, qatt ma rritorna.
Għall-ewwel in-nuqqas tiegħu ma ttieħedx bis-serjetà għax ma kinetx l-ewwel darba li hu waqaf x’imkien apposta bla ma qal lil ħadd, ħlief forsi lil Christina; bħal meta darba niżel il-Greċja biex jixtri l-alkoħol għax f’Malta ma kellux. Iżda meta ż-żmien beda dieħel u l-ġranet inbidlu f’xhur, kulħadd beda jispekula x’seta’ ġara. Fosthom kien hemm min qal li Warburton kien wettaq suwiċidju għax kien xeba’ f’din il-ħajja ta’ gwerra. Imbagħad, kien hemm ukoll min ġietu l-idea li dan tant xeba’ minn Christina li kien iddeċieda li jiskappa u jisparixxi, forsi anki għax kellu xi tfajla ġdida…
Intant, wara dan l-inċident, Christina nbidlet drastikament. Il-ġirien tagħha jiftakru li kienet inqatgħet għal kollox min-nies. Bdiet tippreferi tgħix ħajja iżolata fl-appartament tagħha li kien jinsab f’7/3, Vilhena Terrace, Triq Vilhena, il-Furjana. Kull ġurnata kienet tgħaddiha tistenna li jħabbat il-bieb u li ssib lil Adrian quddiemha. Bdiet anki tagħtiha għax-xorb u ftit ftit spiċċat b’ta’ fuqha senduqha.
Ċertament, kienet tassew ħasra li mara bħal dik, li fl-1943 kienet onorata bil-Midalja tal-Imperu Brittaniku bħala rikonoxxenza għas-sehem tagħha waqt it-Tieni Gwerra Dinjija, tiġi f’dan l-istat. Matul ħajjitha, Christina ddeċidiet li tagħti b’donazzjoni din il-midalja tagħha flimkien ma’ parti mill-uniformi u t-tazza li kienu tal-għażiż Adrian tagħha lil Mużew Nazzjonali tal-Gwerra fil-Belt Valletta, sabiex b’hekk, il-ġrajja tagħhom tingħaqad flimkien ma’ dik tal-pajjiż li huma kienu ltaqgħu u nħabbu fih.
Warburton jinstab
Kien biss fl-2002 meta nkixef id-destin ta’ Warburton. Dan seħħ meta Frank Dorber, riċerkatur tal-avjazzjoni, skopra l-fdalijiet ta’ dan il-pilota ġewwa kabina ta’ ajruplan imwaqqgħa, li kien midfun f’madwar żewġ metri fond, f’għalqa ġewwa l-villaġġ Egling an der Paar li jinsab fil-Bavarja, 34 mil bogħod minn Munich.
Wara li saret eżaminazzjoni tal-ajruplan imġarraf, instabu numru ta’ toqob tal-balal ġewwa wieħed mill-iskrejjen tiegħu u dan indika li l-għadu kien spara fuq Warburton u waqqgħu. Eventwalment, minħabba l-ġrajja li semmejna hawn fuq u l-involviment tiegħu f’pajjiżna, parti minn dan l-ajruplan, ngħatat bħala donazzjoni lill-Mużew Nazzjonali tal-Gwerra fil-Belt u din ngħaqdet mat-tifkiriet li kienet ħalliet Christina.
Sadanittant, skont ir-regolamenti tal-Commonwealth, fl-14 ta’ Mejju 2003, Warburton ġie onorat b’funeral formali u ġie midfun fiċ-Ċimiterju tal-Gwerra tal-Commonwealth f’Durnbach, fis-Sezzjoni 11, Row H, Qabar Nru. 27. Fatt kurjuż huwa li għal din iċ-ċerimonja, attendiet ukoll martu Eileen li ħafna kienu ilhom li għodduha b’mejta.
X’ġara minn Christina?
Naturalment, wara din is-sejba, dawk li kienu jafu bil-ġrajja ta’ din il-koppja, bdew jistaqsu x’kien sar minn Christina Ratcliffe?
Waqt ir-riċerka tiegħi, sibt illi Christina kienet ġiet midfuna fiċ-ċimiterju tal-Addolorata u wara li kont qrajt tant dwarha, ħassejt l-obbligu li mmur inżurha.
Għalhekk, fthemt mal-ħabib tiegħi Eman Bonnici li huwa l-Assistent Librar taċ-Ċimiterju tal-Addolorata u riċerkatur ta’ dan is-sit, sabiex jakkumpanjani sal-qabar tagħha. Miegħi ħadt ukoll bukkett fjuri sabiħ b’turija ta’ rispett lejn din il-mara li waqt din il-gwerra, apparti li ħabbet lil Warburton, ħadmet ukoll għal pajjiżi u għenet lil niesi.
Skont in-notamenti taċ-ċimiterju, jidher li Christina Ratcliffe mietet fl-1988 u ndifnet f’qabar fis-sezzjoni tal-Commonwealth. Iżda aktar tard, fl-1993, il-fdalijiet tagħha nġabru u ndifnu mill-ġdid f’qabar privat li nxtara minn xi familjari tagħha. Dan jinsab fid-Diviżjoni tal-Lvant, Sezzjoni MA-D, Qabar Nru. 4.
Bonnici infurmani wkoll illi skont deffien mill-Furjana li kien jgħix fl-istess blokka ta’ Christina, din il-mara tant kienet ftaqret, li l-ġirien kellhom jiġbru somma bejniethom sabiex jingħatalha funeral xieraq.
Viċin ir-ritratt tagħha, ilmaħt il-kitba ‘Christina of George Cross Island’ u hemmhekk erħejt il-fjuri tiegħi. F’qalbi xtaqt bi ħrara kbira li hi kienet qed tarani ħalli tifhem li għadha ma ntesietx.
Għalkemm forsi ma tantx hawn Maltin li jafu b’din il-ġrajja, Bonnici qalli li numru ta’ barranin, l-aktar mill-Ingilterra u mill-Iskozja, regolarment iżuru l-qabar tagħha bħala sinjal ta’ rispett lejn eroina li għarrfet tħobb tant anki waqt żmien daqstant turbulenti. Fuq kollox, huma sikwit jistaqsu, jekk finalment wasalx iż-żmien biex dawn iż-żewġ maħbubin, anki jekk wara mewthom, jingħaqdu mill-ġdid flimkien?
(Dan l-artiklu ġie ppubblikat fit-Torċa tat-2 ta’ Novembru 2014)
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Love in the time of war
A century ago, many countries had to deal with the onset of World War I which was supposed to be the war to end all wars. Yet, a few years later, the reality of World War II ravaged again many people’s lives, as it devastated their motherland, their homes and their existence.
Today, these poignant episodes are recorded in various museums around the world, including the National War Museum in Valletta, wherein one finds several objects which recall these dark periods. However a visit to this museum will reveal that its exhibits are witness to more than that, since they also display how people confronted and survived these crucial moments, and how the ugliness of war never stopped their urge to live and to love.
During a recent visit to this museum wherein I was accompanied by Curator Charles Debono, I discovered how five particular items – a British Empire Medal, an RAF side cap, a uniform jacket, a tankard won at a sports event, and part of a manifold of a P38 Lightning aircraft – formed part of a fantastic narrative relating to a famous English couple who met in Malta and were united and separated by war. Indeed, as I followed the story of the legendary Wg Cdr Adrian Warburton and his lover Christina Ratcliffe, I was whirled back in the 1940s; a time when both the Maltese islands and their inhabitants were pushed to their limits and heroes were borne.
Adrian Warburton was born in Middlesborough on March, 10, 1918, but his father Geoffrey, a young submarine commander who had been awarded the prestigious Distinguished Service Order, decided to christen him in a submarine which was berthed in Malta. Apparently, a good number of Warburton’s family members were renowned for their eccentric behaviour, particularly where war was concerned, and as Tony Spooner said in his book Warburton’s War, “DSO’s were fairly commonplace in the family”.
In fact, during his brief life, even Adrian received this honour twice: one of which was awarded to him for his bravery when flying very low among the Italian battleships and cruisers in Taranto in order to read their names, after the cameras failed to work during a reconnaissance mission. This information enabled the Fleet Air Arm to dispatch an effective attack on the enemy later on that night.
Interestingly, during his training to become a pilot, Adrian had failed to impress his seniors and even though he eventually succeeded to pass his trials, his general assessment was deemed below average. Probably, besides his dare-devil acts, this was also the reason why he crashed his planes during some of his missions. Presumably, this was also the motive for the disbelief that he was dead, after he went missing during his last flight in 1944 …It was on September, 6, 1940 that Warburton arrived in Luqa airfield after he was transferred on duty to Malta. Soon he distinguished himself for his fearless attitude such as when he and his two crewmen shot down an Italian Z.506B seaplane when they were only expected to shoot some photos.
His love story with Christina Ratcliffe took place after she was stranded in Malta, when Italy declared war on Britain and France on 10th June 1940. She had come to our islands together with her group in order to perform as a cabaret dancer but when they found themselves unemployed, these artists set up an ensemble which they called the Whizz Bangs and provided entertainment for the troops.
During her stay on the island, Ratcliffe made friends with a French pilot, Jacques Mehouas, who often spoke to her about Warburton and described him as a brave and formidable British pilot. Ironically, it was his death which brought them together, when Warburton, who was also a friend of his, approached her to give her his condolences. Ratcliffe considered this first encounter as love at first sight since in her later writings she admitted that with his golden hair and his beautiful blue eyes, Warburton resembled a Greek god.
In 1939 Warburton had married Eileen Mitchell after a very brief courtship but allegedly he had left her at once when he found out that she was divorced and had a child. However in Ratcliffe, he discovered a soul mate and soon they became one of the most renowned couples at the time. Like the British pilot, she was beautiful, charismatic and adventurous and as Spooner described them “With their personalities, zest and determination, they were to become living symbols of the island’s unconquerable spirit.”
In fact, besides working as an entertainer, after some time, Christina volunteered to work with the RAF as a telephonist and later as a plotter at the underground War Headquarters in Valletta. She was eventually appointed Captain of D Watch and then became assistant to the Controller, thus having to abandon the Whizz Bangs group.
This love story came to an abrupt end when on April 12, 1944, Warburton was sent on a reconnaissance mission during which he was supposed to take some photos over Germany, but he never returned. At first his disappearance was not given much importance because workmates, friends and even Ratcliffe were expecting him to return like he always did before. Yet by time, this matter became riddled with speculation as people started to question whether he had committed suicide or whether he had simply left his girlfriend and started a new affair.
After this incident, Ratcliffe changed drastically. Her neighbours recall that she became a recluse, preferring to live in isolation in her apartment at 7/3, Vilhena Terrace, Vilhena Street, Floriana, and forever waiting for her Warby to return to her. In his book Women of Malta, Frederick R Galea, states that “her last few years were unhappy ones, trying to drown her loneliness in alcohol; she became withdrawn and impoverished.” Certainly this was a pitiful end to a woman who in 1943 was awarded the British Empire Medal in recognition of her work during World War II. During her lifetime, Ratcliffe donated this medal together with the uniform and the tankard which belonged to her beloved Warburton, to the National War Museum in Valletta.
It was finally in 2002 when Warburton’s fate was identified, after Frank Dorber, a Welsh aviation researcher, discovered his remains in the cockpit of his wrecked plane, buried about two metres deep in a field near the Bavarian village of Egling an der Paar, 34 miles west of Munich. An examination of his aircraft showed that one of the propellers had bullet holes in it, thus indicating that Warburton had been shot down. Part of this plane was donated to the National War Museum in Valletta and now forms part of the exhibits which reflect this story.
Meanwhile, according to Commonwealth regulations, Warburton was given a formal funeral on May 14, 2003 and he was buried at the Durnbach Commonwealth War Cemetery. Curiously, this ceremony was attended also by his wife Eileen whom many believed to have been dead. After Warburton was found and buried, many sympathizers of the couple Warburton – Ratcliffe demanded whether it was time for these two lovers to be re-united, even if after death? But where is Ratcliffe?
A visit to the Addolorata cemetery in Paola where I was accompanied by Eman Bonnici, who is the cemetery’s assistant librarian and a researcher of this site, led me to the resting place of ‘Christina of George Cross Island’. He explained to me that the cemetery’s records show that Ratcliffe was originally buried in the common area of the Commonwealth section in 1988. According to a grave-digger from Floriana, Ratcliffe had become so poor that the neighbours had collected the necessary funds to provide her with a proper burial. Then, in 1991, an individual bearing the surname Ratcliffe, bought a grave for her so that her remains will not be lost in the common ossuary. This grave, marked no. 4, is situated in the East Division, Section MA-D. Bonnici informed me that Ratcliffe’s grave is regularly visited by foreigners, particularly from England and Scotland, who come to this cemetery in order to pay their tribute to a heroine of such a turbulent but fascinating love affair.
(This article was published in ‘Man Matters’ Supplement in The Times of Malta dated 20th September 2014)
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